Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural
https://revistasober.org/article/doi/10.1590/1806-9479.2021.224827
Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural
ARTIGO ORIGINAL

Diferenciação institucional na certificação de produtos orgânicos: uma comparação dos Organismos Participativos de Avaliação da Conformidade no estado do Rio Grande do Sul

Institutional differentiation in the certification of organic products: a comparison of the Participatory Conformity Assessment Bodies in the state of Rio Grande do Sul

Paulo Niederle; Claire Dorville; Sylvaine Lemeilleur

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Resumo

Este artigo analisa os fatores de diferenciação institucional nos processos de certificação participativa de produtos orgânicos. Realizada junto aos Organismos Participativos de Avaliação da Conformidade (OPAC) que operam no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, a pesquisa visava inicialmente responder se eles estariam convergindo para formatos organizacionais e estratégias similares. A hipótese inicial sugeria o isomorfismo desses organismos em virtude de pressões institucionais coercitivas, normativas e miméticas. No entanto, devido à rejeição da hipótese inicial, buscou-se, então, identificar os fatores que produzem diferenciação institucional. Foram examinados instrumentos normativos que regulam a certificação orgânica, os documentos internos de gestão dos OPACs, transcrições de entrevistas individuais e coletivas com stakeholders e anotações de observações das reuniões e procedimentos de certificação. Os resultados demonstram processos de dissociação (decoupling) impulsionados por três fatores principais: ambiguidade e heterogeneidade do ambiente institucional, resistência dos atores às pressões isomórficas e dinâmicas internas de poder relacionadas com o formato de participação social em cada OPAC.

Palavras-chave

instituições, organizações, certificação, agricultura, orgânicos

Abstract

This article analyzes the factors of institutional differentiation in the processes of participatory certification of organic products. The research conducted with the participatory conformity assessment bodies (OPACs) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, initially aimed to answer whether they were converging to similar organizational structures and strategies. The initial hypothesis suggested the isomorphism of these organizations due to coercive, normative and mimetic institutional pressures. However, due to the rejection of the initial hypothesis, it sought to identify the factors that produce institutional differentiation. Normative instruments that regulate organic certification, OPACs’ internal management documents, transcripts of individual and collective interviews with stakeholders, and notes issues from the observations of meetings and certification procedures were examined. Results demonstrate decoupling processes driven by three main factors: ambiguity and heterogeneity of the institutional environment, resistance of the actors to isomorphic pressures, and internal power dynamics related to the format of social participation in each OPAC.

Keywords

institutions, organizations, certification, agriculture, organic

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Submetido em:
04/06/2019

Aceito em:
21/06/2020

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