Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural
https://revistasober.org/article/doi/10.1590/1806-9479.2021.236238
Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural
Artigo Original

Transições para a sustentabilidade na agricultura corporativa: inovação agroecológica na viticultura do Douro, Portugal

Transitions Towards Sustainability in Corporate Agriculture: agro-ecological innovation in Douro viticulture, Portugal

Fabíola Polita; Livia Madureira

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Resumo

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é aplicar a Multi Level Perspective (MLP) a um caso de transição para a sustentabilidade da agricultura que ocorre a partir do desenvolvimento de uma inovação agroecológica. À perspectiva temporal e multinível dada pela MLP, conjugamos o conceito de Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation Systems (AKIS), com a intenção de conciliar uma dimensão territorial para a análise. O cenário empírico é a região vitivinícola do Douro, em Portugal, na qual se disseminou uma inovação denominada Infraestrutura Ecológica (IE). Metodologicamente, fizemos entrevistas pessoais estruturadas, realizadas com agricultores ou gestores agrícolas, representantes de explorações comerciais de uva e vinho. Constatamos que há um princípio de transição liderado por agricultores corporativos que comercializam no mercado global. Este princípio de transição está alicerçado na mobilização de um AKIS territorial que permitiu o desenvolvimento do arcabouço cognitivo e técnico que estruturou o setor para sua articulação às demandas de mercado. Entretanto, este AKIS não é igualmente mobilizado pelos diferentes agricultores, o que se manifesta em distintas respostas de adoção da inovação. O caso explicita como as pressões de paisagem sociotécnica, representada pelo mercado, podem criar diferentes respostas no regime local.

Palavras-chave

viticultura, Douro, Portugal, transições para a sustentabilidade, MLP (Multi Level Perspective), AKIS (Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation Systems)

Abstract

Abstract: The objective of this article is to apply the Multi Level Perspective (MLP) to a transition case of agricultural sustainability that occurs from the development of an agroecological innovation. To the temporal and multilevel perspective given by MLP, we conjugate the concept of Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation Systems (AKIS), with the intention of reconciling a territorial dimension to the analysis. The empirical setting is the Douro wine region in Portugal, in which an innovation denominated Ecological Infrastructure (EI) has been disseminated. Methodologically, we conducted structured personal interviews with farmers or farm managers, representatives of commercial grape and wine farms. We found that there is a transition principle led by corporate farmers who trade in the global market. This transition principle is grounded in the mobilization of a territorial AKIS that allowed the development of the cognitive and technical framework that structured the sector for its articulation to market demands. However, this AKIS is not equally mobilized by the different farmers, which manifests itself in different innovation adoption responses. The case makes it clear how sociotechnical landscape pressures, represented by the market, can create different responses in the local regime.
 

Keywords

viticulture, Douro, Portugal, transitions towards sustainability, MLP (Multi Level Perspective), AKIS (Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation Systems)

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Submetido em:
07/04/2020

Aceito em:
19/02/2021

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