An evidence-based relationship between technical assistance and productivity in cocoa from Tocache, Peru
Relación basada en evidencia entre la asistencia técnica y la productividad en el cacao de Tocache, Peru
Angie Higuchi; Daniel Coq-Huelva; Cristian Vasco; Rafaela Alfalla-Luque; Rocío Maehara
Abstract
Keywords
Resumo
Resumen: El crecimiento de los pequeños agricultores depende en gran medida de la productividad del cacao. Los programas de extensión agrícola pueden ayudar a mejorar dicha productividad utilizando los recursos disponibles. Por tanto, el objetivo de este estudio es estimar la productividad del cacao peruano e identificar si la frecuencia de asistencia técnica afecta la eficiencia técnica de los agricultores. Los datos provienen de una encuesta a 379 productores de cacao en Tocache, San Martín, realizada entre enero y junio de 2015. Este artículo se sustenta en la interacción de dos técnicas: la función de producción y la eficiencia técnica basada en el análisis de frontera estocástica. Los hallazgos clave fueron que los coeficientes estimados de trabajo, capital, tierras y fertilizantes fueron positivos para la producción. Asimismo, se muestra la existencia de una relación entre la frecuencia de asistencia técnica y la eficiencia técnica (p-valor<10%). También existe una relación positiva entre la eficiencia y otras características socioeconómicas al ser hombre, tener experiencia en el cacao y no practicar la diversificación en otros cultivos. Los formuladores de políticas públicas podrían considerar estos resultados para mejorar los sistemas de manejo agrarios y, por tanto, la competitividad de los cacaoteros en la Amazonía peruana.
Palavras-chave
Referências
Admassie, A., & Matambalya, F. (2014). Technical efficiency of small-and medium-scale enterprises: evidence from a survey of enterprises in Tanzania.
Adom, D. (2019). Good management practices for agricultural crops: a mini review.
Aigner, D., Lovell, K., & Schmidt, P. (1977). Formulation and estimation of stochastic frontier production function models.
Barham, E., & Sylvander, B. (2011).
Battese, G. E., & Broca, S. S. (1997). Functional forms of stochastic frontier production functions and models for technical inefficiency effects: a comparative study for wheat farmers in Pakistan.
Battese, G. E., & Coelli, T. J. (1992). Frontier production functions, technical efficiency and panel data: with application to paddy farmers in India.
Battese, G. E., & Coelli, T. J. (1995). A model for technical inefficiency effects in a stochastic frontier production function for panel data.
Becerra-Pérez, L., & López-Reyes, L. (2017). Technical efficiency of corn production in Sinaloa, Mexico (Paper presentation). In
Bernard, T., & Spielman, D. J. (2009). Reaching the rural poor through rural producer organizations? A study of agricultural marketing cooperatives in Ethiopia.
Besseah, F. A., & Kim, S. (2014). Technical efficiency of cocoa farmers in Ghana.
Bozoğlu, M., & Ceyhan, V. (2007). Measuring the technical efficiency and exploring the inefficiency determinants of vegetables farms in Samsun province, Turkey.
Cavalleri Ferrari, M., & Braga, M. J. (2021). A eficiência técnica dos produtores leiteiros no Uruguai.
Chang, H.-H., & Wen, F.-I. (2011). Off-farm work, technical efficiency, and rice production risk in Taiwan.
Cidell, J. L., & Alberts, H. C. (2006). Constructing quality: the multinational histories of chocolate.
Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo y Vida sin Drogas – DEVIDA. (2020).
Coq-Huelva, D., Torres-Navarrete, B., & Bueno-Suárez, C. (2018). Indigenous worldviews and Western conventions: Sumak Kawsay and cocoa production in Ecuadorian Amazonia.
Curry, G. N., Koczberski, G., Lummani, J., Nailina, T., Peter, E., McNally, G., & Kuaimba, O. (2015). A bridge too far? The influence of socio-cultural values on the adaptation responses of smallholders to a devastating pest outbreak in cocoa.
Danso-Abbeam, G., & Baiyegunhi, L. J. S. (2020). Do farm-level technical efficiency and welfare complement each other? Insight from Ghana’s cocoa industry.
Danso-Abbeam, G., Aidoo, R., Agyemang, K. O., & Ohene-Yankyera, K. (2012). Technical efficiency in Ghana’s cocoa industry: Evidence form Bibiani-Anhwiaso-Bekwai District.
Färe, R., & Lovell, C. K. (1978). Measuring the technical efficiency of production.
Florkowski, W. J., & Sarmiento, C. (2005). The examination of pecan price differences using spatial correlation estimation.
Gangil, S., & Pandey, K. C. (2003). Energy expenditure for post harvest operations in village Barkheda Nathu in Bhopal district. In
Gibbon, P., Ponte, S., & Lazaro, E. (2010).
Gutiérrez, J. D. (2014). Smallholders’ agricultural cooperatives in Colombia: vehicles for rural development?
Kumbhakar, S. C., & Wang, H.-J. (2015). Estimation of technical inefficiency in production frontier models using cross-sectional data. In S. C. Ray, S. C. Kumbhakar, & P. Dua (Eds.),
Kyei, L., Foli, G., & Ankoh, J. (2011). Analysis of factors affecting the technical efficiency of cocoa farmers in the Offinso district - Ashanti region, Ghana.
Lampach, N., Nguyen-Van, P., & To The, N. (2018).
Laroche, K., Jiménez, R., & Nelson, V. (2012).
Ma, W., Abdulai, A. & Goetz, R. (2017). Agricultural cooperatives and investment in organic soil amendments and chemical fertilizer in China. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 100(2): 502-520.
Martin, S., Rieple, A., Chang, J., Boniface, B., & Ahmed, A. (2015). Small farmers and sustainability: Institutional barriers to investment and innovation in the Malaysian palm oil industry in Sabah.
Meeusen, W., & Van der Broeck, J. (1977). Efficiency estimation from Cobb-Douglas production functions with composed error.
Melo, C. J., & Hollander, G. M. (2013). Unsustainable development: Alternative food networks and the Ecuadorian Federation of Cocoa Producers, 1995-2010.
Mojo, D., Fischer, C., & Degefa, T. (2017). The determinants and economic impacts of membership in coffee farmer cooperatives: recent evidence from rural Ethiopia.
Ofori-Bah, A., & Asafu-Adjaye, J. (2011). Scope economies and technical efficiency of cocoa agroforesty systems in Ghana.
Onumah, J. A., Al-Hassan, R. M., & Onumah, E. E. (2013). Productivity and technical efficiency of cocoa production in eastern Ghana.
Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación – FAOSTAT. (2021).
Perú. Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario y Riego. (2021).
Ponte, S. (2009). Governing through quality: Conventions and supply relations in the value chain for South African wine.
Porro, R., Lopez-Feldman, A., & Vela-Alvarado, J. W. (2015). Forest use and agriculture in Ucayali, Peru: Livelihood strategies, poverty and wealth in an Amazon frontier.
Santos, J., Foster, W., Ortega, J., & Ramirez, E. (2006). Study of the technical efficiency of potato producers in Chile: the role of INDAP’s Technology Transference Program (PTT).
Schweisguth, M. A. (2015).
Silva, J. V., Reidsma, P., Laborte, A. G., & Van Ittersum, M. K. (2017). Explaining rice yields and yield gaps in Central Luzon, Philippines: an application of stochastic frontier analysis and crop modelling.
Tipi, T., Yildiz, N., Nargeleçekenler, M., & Çetin, B. (2009). Measuring the technical efficiency and determinants of efficiency of rice (Oryza sativa) farms in Marmara region, Turkey.
Torres, N. A., & Davalos, E. (2019).
To-The, N., & Nguyen-Anh, T. (2020). Impact of government intervention to maize efficiency at farmer’s level across time: a robust evidence in Northern Vietnam.
Trujillo, J. C., & Iglesias, W. J. (2013). Measurement of the technical efficiency of small pineapple farmers in Santander, Colombia: a stochastic frontier approach.
Van Dun, M. (2009).
Wollni, M., & Brümmer, B. (2012). Productive efficiency of specialty and conventional coffee farmers in Costa Rica: Accounting for technological heterogeneity and self-selection.
World Cocoa Foundation. (2014).
Submetido em:
25/06/2021
Aceito em:
19/10/2021